The higher concrete temperature has the potential to cause cracks after the concrete cools to an equilibrium temperature with the air, bridge girders and form work. This study investigates the repair of steel bridge girders damaged by distortioninduced fatigue. However, the method has not ever been attempted because of its lack of certainty for safety, i. Repair of cracked steel girders connected to concrete. The end corrosion in steel girders at the bearings due to joint leakage is a significant problem in many of the old bridges around the nation. Prestressed concrete pc is the predominant material in highway bridge construction. Heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge girders. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge girders. Bridges and bridge railings, construction and maintenance. Transbay transit center inches toward repair, but no timeline. Repair of bridge structural steel elements manual page 4 3. This report investigates a method of repairing fatigued steel bridge girders using carbon fiber reinforced polymer cfrp strips.
The typical cracks that occur in rolled sections and plate girders are caused by fatigue. This critical damage impairs the shear and bearing capacities of girders. To repair damaged beams, locate a local welder or metal shop and request angle iron, cut and drilled to the length of the beam being repaired. Thus, only the girders need to be compared since the difference between the two designs is mostly due to the difference in the cost of girder materials. This report remains a primary reference for this topic. Bridge and maintenance engineers will be able to by staff make immediate use of the findings and guidance included in the report. Strengthening a damaged steel girder bridge by the.
Shear cracking of prestressed girders with high strength concrete. Cracked girders trigger scrutiny of salesforce transit. Coe road over us27, north of alma mb s01 of 370c, c spr0538 damping bridge vibration during construction widening. In this document, repair methods are presented for three prototype prestressed concrete highway bridge girder shapes. In some cases, weld repairs were made, whereas a bolted repair would have required much more. Overheight loads are a fairly common source of damage to prestressed girder bridges. Development of 3d finite element models and parametric study cracks movement.
Repair of damaged steel concrete composite girders using carbon fiberreinforced polymer sheets journal of composites for construction october 2003 evaluation of prestressed concrete girders strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets. Summary heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge. Bridge impact data nebraska 800 overhead bridges 10 impacts in past year united states 91,000 overhead bridges approx. Spr0524 sixth progress report on special painting of steel bridge girders under project. Fatigue and fracture performance explores limits, based on fatigue and fracture performance, on the number of damage and repair cycles to which damaged steel bridge girders may be subjected using the heatstraightening procedure. Connor, phd, associate professor of civil engineering purdue university school of civil engineering. Fatigue and fracture performance explores limits, based on fatigue and fracture performance, on the number of damage and repair cycles to which damaged steel bridge girders may be subjected using the heat.
Cracks on florida bridge decks with steel girders material failure investigation tasks. For repair of newly constructed girders, see section 5. Mar 20, 2014 building a shipping container home ep02 moving, cutting, and framing a container house duration. Research has been conducted investigating a novel method for retrofitting the corroded ends of steel bridge girders using ultrahigh performance concrete uhpc encasings. A total of 22 prototype repair designs are presented. Strengthening a damaged steel girder bridge by the replacement. The main target in the highway industry is to increase the durability and the lifespan of bridges. Guide 5 1 introduction throughout this guide, commentary and reference to the supporting nchrp 2007 task 307 final report referred to as the report are made by section number in square brackets. Guide to recommended practice for the repair of impactdamaged prestressed concrete bridge girders prepared for the national cooperative highway research program transportation research board of the national academies kent a. This type of repair would be used to prevent the propagation of cracks which could lead. The plates will provide a load path around the crack. Current practice in the repair of prestressed bridge girders. The main advantages of using cfrp is it is lightweight and durable, resulting in.
Proposed evaluation and repair procedures for precast. Read heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge. Repair of damaged steelconcrete composite girders using carbon fiberreinforced polymer sheets journal of composites for construction october 2003 evaluation of prestressed concrete girders strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets. Cracked girders trigger scrutiny of salesforce transit center. Transbay transit center inches toward repair, but no. General this section is intended to cover repair of damaged girders on existing bridges. How to repair a damaged carrying beam this old house. Thus, only the girders need to be compared since the difference between the two designs is mostly due. Repair of corrosion damaged steel bridge girder ends by. Mar 29, 20 prestressed concrete pc is the predominant material in highway bridge construction. In recent years, these cracks have become prevalent with the use of relatively high strength concrete, deep girders, and high prestressing force that are quickly developed near the endregion of girders figure 1. Typical fatigue crack across a repaired flange butt weld in a welded igirder test.
He earned is phd from the university of pittsburgh. Graduate theses and dissertations iowa state university capstones, theses and dissertations 2014 methods for removing concrete decks from steel girder bridges. Steel bridge design handbook december, 2015 engineering for structural stability in bridge construction. Mar 11, 2020 bob hazleton, president of herrick corp.
The distinguished feature of the method is that it can be carried out without incurring traffic dislocation. Maintenance actions to address fatigue cracking in steel bridge. Guidelines for evaluation and repair of prestressed concrete bridge members. Shear cracking of prestressed girders with high strength. Researchers transportation will find the report useful in the further study of effective means to evaluate and research board repair prestressed concrete bridge members. This steel repair procedures operations manual module has been constructed by the nysdot main office bridge maintenance department with the assistance of the nysdot main office structures department. This guide serves to update the 1985 nchrp report 280. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 604. Steel girder sections are re paired either by a heat straightening method or by partial replacement. Repair of cracked steel girder using cfrp sheet request pdf. These newer girders often exhibit unexpected end cracking upon prestress. Methods for removing concrete decks from steel girder bridges.
Heavy coatings of ductile paint may bridge over cracks that are tight. It has been put together to provide simple guidance for some common repairs required on nys owned steel structures. No reopening date has been set, but the steel is on order to repair the cracked girders that have kept the transbay transit center closed for more than three months. How the steel beams cracked at the new transbay terminal. Cracking of elements is one aspect which affects durability.
Prevention and repair of endregion cracks in prestressed. The acoustic monitoring successfully detected growing fatigue cracks in the lab when using both source location and a state of stress criteria. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel. Also, many respondents believe that these cracks will close to some extent after the beam is installed in a bridge due to the weight of the deck slab and barriers. The purpose of this research, therefore, is to develop methods and design guidelines for repair and retrofit of bridge girders suffering from. Cracking, fatigue material, bridge management, steel bridges, rehabilitation, distortion structural, girder bridges, steel plates editorially related repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge girders using angleswithplate retrofit technique. The use of highstrength concrete has gained wide acceptance in the pc industry. However, due to the numerous aggressive environmental. This includes the girders themselves, diaphragms or crossbraces, and if applicable the truss or arch system. The cracks may have a width and spacing that is a function of the temperature difference and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the. Oct 30, 2012 in recent years, the replacement repair welding has been suggested as a repair method for damaged steel bridges. This type of repair would be used to prevent the propagation of cracks which could lead to failure of the bridge girders. Repair of impactdamaged prestressed bridge girders continues to vex engineers.
Creative systems in structural and construction engineering, balkema, rotterdam, the netherlands, 461466. Cracks in welded steel girders on the steel bridge at fast stephen m. Very efficient new pretensioned concrete highway bridge girders have taken advantage of high strength concrete and unique shapes to allow the application of much higher levels of prestress. Cracking in prestressed igirder bridges sequence 12. Sealing cracks on bridge decks with steel girders youtube. Repair of cracked steel girders connected to concrete slabs. Minor damage to the girders can consist of cracking or shallow spalls, whereas serious damage can extend to concrete, reinforcing steel and prestressing steel.
A model was developed that has the ability to predict the cracked status of a bridge with 77% accuracy, based on certain bridge parameters. The girders are the primary load support, while the bracing system both allows the girders to act together as a unit, and prevents the beams from toppling. Preventive maintenance of steel bridge components consists mainly of. Repair for steel bridge girders with corrosion damage utilizing. Building a shipping container home ep02 moving, cutting, and framing a container house duration. It is difficult to assess the condition of a damaged girder and to confidently design a repair scheme which will perform well for the intended service life of the bridge. This is because the orientation of the endzone cracks. The first part describes finite element modeling techniques used to evaluate the potential for fatigue cracks in steel girders subjected to distortioninduced fatigue. If damage to a bridge is left unrepaired, the condition of the components may further deteriorate resulting in a reduction. Early in 1987, bridge inspection crews from the florida department of transportation discovered over 100 cracks in the steel box girders carrying the ramps of interstate highway 110 at its southern terminus in downtown pensacola, florida. Maintenance steel repairs new york state department of. Maintenance steel repairs local bridge conference syracuse, ny october 2008 whats the process receive structural flag requiring steel work determine options close operate at reduced loadingtrafficrepair develop repair detail and wps in consultatio execute repairs with certified welder, as req.
An introduction to steel bridge maintenance and repair. Repair of bridge structural steel elements manual page 1 1. Manual for repair and retrofit of fatigue cracks in steel bridges. The 65foot welded span in the twospan steel bridge at the facility for accelerated service testing has developed two major web and tension flange cracks, as well as numerous cracks in secondary members, during 15 years of service under heavy axle load traffic. The cause of the crack must be eliminated or mitigated for this to be successful. In recent years, the replacement repair welding has been suggested as a repair method for damaged steel bridges. Repair plan set, steel ordered to fix cracked beams at. This report presents results from a laboratory study and field implementation of acoustic emission monitoring of fatigue cracks in coverplated steel bridge girders.
Maintenance steel repairs local bridge conference syracuse, ny october 2008 whats the process receive structural flag requiring steel work determine options close operate at reduced loadingtrafficrepair develop repair detail and wps in consultatio. Spr0529 use of a silicone admixture in bridge deck concrete. University of pittsburgh, pittsburgh pa richard miller, ph. Repair of fatigued steel bridge girders with carbon fiber. In a girder bridge this would include only the girders and the bracing system. Acoustic emission monitoring of fatigue cracks in steel. In recent years, these cracks have become prevalent with the use of relatively high strength concrete, deep girders, and high prestressing force that are quickly developed near the endregion of. The aar bridge tag was again consulted for guidance. Two case studies brandon chavel, phd, pe jacob wroten, pe biography brandon chavel, phd, pe, is a bridge section manager and senior professional associate for hdr in cleveland, oh. Sealing cracks on bridge decks changes to section 4 of. Repair manual for concrete bridge elements page 1 1. Repair of fatigued steel bridge girders with carbon fiber strips. This method of repair was investigated because it is commonly used in steel bridges.